Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. Nuclear fusion in the early universe is like an inside out star the univserse stars hot and ends cooler. The early universe, lecture slides 8 mit opencourseware. Kolb points out that the aim of modern cosmology is to understand the origin and. Let us explore the possibilities in this modified energy equation. Inspire, the high energy physics information system. Subjects covered include primordial nubleosynthesis, baryogenesis, phases transitions, inflation, dark matter, and galaxy formation, relics such as axions, neutrinos and monopoles, and speculations about the universe at the planck time.
A brief survey of the entire history of the big bang universe. Professor carolin crawford in my previous lectures i have discussed both the earliest glimpse of the universe available to us, the cosmic microwave background, and the wide variety of astronomical sources that we observe all around us in the present day. The early universe edward kolb, michael turner download. Do not try to give a complete history of discoveries, rather focus on a few. The rapid change in size also has the effect of making the curvature very close to zero. The most fundamental discovery of modern observational cosmology is the expansion of the universe. Early models of the universe ancient ideas and preconceptions development of the modern sun centered view of the solar system the scientific method at work i. First, we will talk just about space not yet about spacetime, and indeed curved spaces play a role in the early universe, although our. Particle physics and the early universe 1 introduction to particle physics and cosmology 1. We will use this in the very early universe to drive inflation. It is clearly implied here that particle physics is relevant for cosmology but the notion of interplay may also suggest a stronger notion of unity between the two disciplines. So if the universe was at some point in the past dominated by a uid with w the universe increases in size by a factor of e 100.
Its aim is to present an advanced multiauthored textbook that meets the needs of both postgraduate students and young researchers interested in, or already working on, problems in cosmology and general relativity, with emphasis on the early universe. Firstly, cdm galaxy haloes contain a huge number of. Lecture notes 7 blackbody radiation and the early history of. Forum index general acrobat topics page turner for pdf book. As the density in a given region rises above the background.
On the physical basis of cosmic time philsciarchive. Consequently, we shall devote a large part of the investigation to an examination of what such a core of a clock could be in the context of early universe cosmology. The early universe has become the standard reference on forefront topics in cosmology, particularly to the early history of the universe. If the universe is expanding, then at some time in the past, it must have started from a single point or singularity an idea known as the big bang. Page turner for pdf book learn adobe acrobat pdf help.
Alanguth, dynamics of homogeneous expansion, part iv, 8. Welcome to inspire, the high energy physics information system. About the national science and technology council the national science and technology council nstc was established by executive order on november 23, 1993. The picture today is more complete and much richer. The properties of the gas in the early universe thus provides one of the few ways in which we can start to date the emergence of the first stars and the first galaxies, even if we cant observe them directly the point when the universe eventually moves out from the dark ages. Whilst there is a large body of indirect astrophysical evidence that strongly supports cdm, there are some hints that it has shortcomings. These notes will be of most benefit if you have already read chapters 26 and 27. So the first thing we must do is to follow the procedure file. The rapid recent developments in this area have rendered some of the literature rather obsolete in parts, but there are several good references. This larger region can all be at the same temperature and evolve into the universe which we observe. Michael stanley turner the early universe has become the standard reference on forefront topics.
This lecture covers the origins of the universe,sun and. References to textbook sections and pages and figures are given below. This cabinetlevel council is the principle means by which the president coordinates science, space, and technology policies across the federal government. But as the universe expanded and cooled, electrons and protons came together to form neutral atoms, and matter lost its ability to ensnare light. Kolb, 9780201116045, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide. This causes the region of size 3 x 1026 m to expand to the size 9 x 10 17 m. Because of the attention to the background dynamics, and also to baryogenesis, phase transitions, inflation, and other applications of high energy physics, one gets a better sense of the bigger picture with kolb and turner s text. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read the essential cosmic perspective. Todays talk is an attempt to join the dots between these two extremes. The physics of the early universe lecture notes in. In these lectures i will discuss the early universe. Summary of the standard model matter is composed of 6 quarks and 6 leptons. On the other hand, the early universe lacks any technical discussion of metric perturbations and cmb analysis. The late carl sagan has often beensatirized for his comments billions and billions.
Note that einstein used it to make a static universe by noting that if we ignore the curvature term kc2 and if lambda 8pi g rho3, then v0 is the solution, and a static universe with constant density is. This lecture covers the origins of the universe,sun and our. Cosmic nucleosynthesis is the competition between fusing together and breaking apart by highenergy photons. Greek astronomy greeks seemed to be first culture to study the world in a systematic and logical manner but. The discovery of the expansion of the universe by edwin hubble in 1929 heralded the dawn of observational cosmology.
Only light elements can be fused in the low temperatures from 108 to a few million k. The quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks the quarks and antiquarks which give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. A more detailed discussion of each phase, or epoch, from the planck era through particle production, nucleosynthesis, recombination, and the growth of structure. But it has made the point that the universe is vast and full of many, many stars and galaxies. In the early universe we dont need much of general relativity, but we must understand its basic principles, and we must get used to riemanns geometry. At very early times the temperature was high enough to ionize the material that lled the universe. Particle physics in the early universe home nasaipac. If we mentally rewind the expansion, we nd that the universe was hotter and denser in its past. Though the word cosmology is recent, study of the universe has a long history involving science, philosophy, esotericism, and religion. First, we will talk just about space not yet about spacetime, and indeed curved spaces play a role in the early universe, although our space seems to be rather. Ancient greek astronomers ancient greece 800 bc 600 ad first preserved written documents about ancient astronomy are from ancient greek philosophy. So if the universe was at some point in the past dominated by a uid with w universe peebles 1982.
The physics of the early universe lecture notes in physics. A fraction of a second after the beginning, the universe was a hot, formless soup of the most. Particle physics in the early universe nasaipac extragalactic. Blackbody radiation and the early history of the universe, p.
Volume 260, number 3,4 physics letters b 16 may 1991 on the implications of a 17 kev neutrino a. The density field of the universe the universe is not exactly homogeneous and isotropic, but it is a sufficiently accurate description of the universe on large scales that it is useful to consider homogeneity and isotropy as a first approximation, and discuss departures from this idealized smooth universe. Cosmology, in strict usage, refers to the study of the universe in its totality as it now is or at least as it can be observed now, and by extension, humanitys place in it. The physics of the early universe is an edited and expanded version of the lectures given at a recent summer school of the same name. Our analysis suggests that the physical basis of time or, more precisely, the time scale becomes rather.
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